Molten oxide electrolysis (MOE) is an extreme form of molten salt electrolysis, a technology that has been producing tonnage metal for

over 100 years -- aluminum, magnesium, lithium, sodium, and the rare earth metals are all produced in this manner. What sets molten oxide electrolysis apart from all molten salt electrolytic technologies is its use of carbon-free anodes which, in turn, facilitates theproduction of  oxygen gas at the anode. Molten oxide electrolysis is totally carbon-free and, hence, produces no CO, no CO2 -- only O2. Accordingly, MOE offers powerful environmental advantages over conventional technology.Even in recognition of the use of carbon in the generation of electricity MOE ranks lowest among breakthrough technologies in terms of CO2 emissions per unit metal product